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Hungary
匈牙利
Santa Clause comes on the 6th of December. Children should clean and put their shoes outside next to the door or window before they go to sleep. Next day candies and small toys appear in them in red bags. For children, who don’t behave well, a golden birch is placed next to the sweets, a symbol for spanking1.
On 24th of December, children go to their relative or to the movies, because Jesus brings the tree and the presents that evening to their house. It is customary to hang edible2 things on the tree, like golden wrapped assorted3 chocolates and meringues4 beside the glass balls, candles, and sparklers5.
Families usually cook festive dinner for that night. An example would be fresh fish usually with rice or potatoes and home made pastries6 as dessert. After dinner, the tree would be viewed by the children for the first time. It was very exciting. Christmas songs are sung and then the gifts under the tree are shared. Older children attend the midnight mass with their parents. Next day the children attack the edible part of the tree.
圣诞老人在12月6日来到匈牙利人的身边。孩子们要在睡前清洁他们的鞋子并把它们放在离门和窗不远的地方。到了第二天，他们会在红色背包里欣喜地发现糖果和玩具。然而，对于那些不听话的孩子，他们会发现在糖果的旁边还摆放着一根金色的体罚用的桦树条。
12月24日，孩子们会去串亲戚或者去看电影，因为那天晚上耶稣会带着圣诞树和礼物来到他们的家中。人们会在树上悬挂一些可以食用的礼物，这已经成为一种习俗。比如说，在玻璃球、蜡烛和烟花棒旁悬挂上一些用金纸包裹的什锦巧克力和酥皮蛋卷。
晚上，人们通常自做圣诞大餐。比如说，有用大米和土豆制作的新鲜鱼肉，甜品则是自制的酥皮点心。饱饱地美餐一顿之后，孩子们才会兴奋地见到圣诞树的庐山真面目。这时，大家唱起圣诞歌并开始共同分享树下的礼物。而年龄稍大一点的孩子会和他们的家长一同去参加午夜集会活动。第二天，孩子们就会“消灭”掉圣诞树上的部分美食。
Germany
德国
Germans love to decorate their houses at Christmas. Many houses will have little wooden frames holding electric candles in their windows, and colored pictures of paper or plastic which look beautiful from the outside at night. Often too, they will have a wreath7 of leaves with four candles.On each Sunday of Advent, another candle is lit. (Advent —meaning ‘coming’—is the 4 week period before Christmas). Most homes will also have little wooden ‘cribs8’—a small model of the place where Jesus was born.
Father Christmas brings presents in the late afternoon of Christmas Eve. The presents are then found under the Christmas tree. One person in the family will ring a bell and call everyone to come to the room. On Christmas Day, fish or goose will be cooked.
德国人喜欢在圣诞节把他们的房子装饰一番。房子的窗户上不仅挂着装有电蜡烛的方木格子而且还配有纸质或塑料质地的彩色图画，夜晚从外面望去真是美丽极了。他们还经常用四根蜡烛做成一个圣诞冬青花环。在耶稣降临节的每一个星期日，还会另外再点亮一支蜡烛。（Advent是“到来”的意思，它在圣诞节前的四个星期。）许多家庭还布置了一个小的象征着耶稣诞生地的圣诞马槽，再现了耶稣诞生时的情景。
圣诞老人在平安夜下午的晚些时候带着一大堆礼物来到了人间。他把礼物放在了圣诞树下面。家中的一个人摇铃把大家都集中到房间里开始分享礼物。而到了圣诞节那天，人们会做鱼肉或者鹅肉。
Finland
芬兰
Finnish people believe that Father Christmas (Santa Claus) lives in the north part of Finland called Korvatunturi, north of the Arctic Circle. People from all over the world send letters to Santa Claus in Finland.
Everyone cleans their houses ready for the three holy days of Christmas—Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and Boxing Day. Christmas Eve is very special. When people eat rice porridge and plum fruit juice in the morning, they will then decorate a spruce9 tree in the home. At mid-day, the ‘peace of Christmas’ is broadcasted on radio and TV from the Finnish city of Turku by its Mayor. In the evening, a traditional Christmas dinner is eaten. Many families will visit cemeteries10 and grave-yards to place a candle onto the burial11 graves of family members. Cemeteries are very beautiful at Christmas-time.
Children receive their presents on Christmas Eve, usually with a family member dressing as Father Christmas. As children grow older, they come to realize that ‘Father Christmas’ is really a bigger brother, sister or family member.
芬兰人相信圣诞老人就住在芬兰的北部北极圈以北被称为Korvatunturi的地方。所以，来自世界各地的人们常把信寄给芬兰的圣诞老人。
为了迎接基督教三个神圣的节日——平安夜、圣诞节和礼盒节，人们竞相打扫着他们的房间。平安夜是个很特别的日子。人们在清晨吃完麦片粥和喝完李子汁后便开始大张旗鼓地装点起家里的云杉树来。中午，芬兰土尔库城的市长会在广播和电视里为大家送去圣诞节的祈福。而晚上，人们则会聚在一起共同享受传统的圣诞大餐。许多家庭还会在这天前往墓地在已故去的家人的墓前点上一根蜡烛以此来慰藉他们的灵魂。在圣诞节期间，就连墓地也会变得格外漂亮。
孩子们会在平安夜收到他们的礼物，通常圣诞老人都是由一名家庭成员扮演的。当孩子们长大以后，他们才会发现圣诞老人原来就是他们的哥哥、姐姐或是其他的家庭成员。
1.spank[spANk]v.打（小孩的）屁股
2.edible[5edEbl]adj.适宜食用的；可以吃的
3.assorted[E5sC:tId]adj.各种各样的；什锦的
4.meringue[mE5rAN]n.蛋白酥；酥皮蛋卷
5.sparkler[5spB:klE(r)]n.烟花棒
6.pastry[5peIstrI]n.油酥糕点
7.wreath[ri:P]n.花环
8.crib[krIb]n.圣诞马槽（表现耶酥诞生的情景）
9.spruce[spru:s]n.云杉
10. cemetery[5semEtrI]n.墓地；坟地
11. burial[5berIEl]n.安葬地
匈牙利
Santa Clause comes on the 6th of December. Children should clean and put their shoes outside next to the door or window before they go to sleep. Next day candies and small toys appear in them in red bags. For children, who don’t behave well, a golden birch is placed next to the sweets, a symbol for spanking1.
On 24th of December, children go to their relative or to the movies, because Jesus brings the tree and the presents that evening to their house. It is customary to hang edible2 things on the tree, like golden wrapped assorted3 chocolates and meringues4 beside the glass balls, candles, and sparklers5.
Families usually cook festive dinner for that night. An example would be fresh fish usually with rice or potatoes and home made pastries6 as dessert. After dinner, the tree would be viewed by the children for the first time. It was very exciting. Christmas songs are sung and then the gifts under the tree are shared. Older children attend the midnight mass with their parents. Next day the children attack the edible part of the tree.
圣诞老人在12月6日来到匈牙利人的身边。孩子们要在睡前清洁他们的鞋子并把它们放在离门和窗不远的地方。到了第二天，他们会在红色背包里欣喜地发现糖果和玩具。然而，对于那些不听话的孩子，他们会发现在糖果的旁边还摆放着一根金色的体罚用的桦树条。
12月24日，孩子们会去串亲戚或者去看电影，因为那天晚上耶稣会带着圣诞树和礼物来到他们的家中。人们会在树上悬挂一些可以食用的礼物，这已经成为一种习俗。比如说，在玻璃球、蜡烛和烟花棒旁悬挂上一些用金纸包裹的什锦巧克力和酥皮蛋卷。
晚上，人们通常自做圣诞大餐。比如说，有用大米和土豆制作的新鲜鱼肉，甜品则是自制的酥皮点心。饱饱地美餐一顿之后，孩子们才会兴奋地见到圣诞树的庐山真面目。这时，大家唱起圣诞歌并开始共同分享树下的礼物。而年龄稍大一点的孩子会和他们的家长一同去参加午夜集会活动。第二天，孩子们就会“消灭”掉圣诞树上的部分美食。
Germany
德国
Germans love to decorate their houses at Christmas. Many houses will have little wooden frames holding electric candles in their windows, and colored pictures of paper or plastic which look beautiful from the outside at night. Often too, they will have a wreath7 of leaves with four candles.On each Sunday of Advent, another candle is lit. (Advent —meaning ‘coming’—is the 4 week period before Christmas). Most homes will also have little wooden ‘cribs8’—a small model of the place where Jesus was born.
Father Christmas brings presents in the late afternoon of Christmas Eve. The presents are then found under the Christmas tree. One person in the family will ring a bell and call everyone to come to the room. On Christmas Day, fish or goose will be cooked.
德国人喜欢在圣诞节把他们的房子装饰一番。房子的窗户上不仅挂着装有电蜡烛的方木格子而且还配有纸质或塑料质地的彩色图画，夜晚从外面望去真是美丽极了。他们还经常用四根蜡烛做成一个圣诞冬青花环。在耶稣降临节的每一个星期日，还会另外再点亮一支蜡烛。（Advent是“到来”的意思，它在圣诞节前的四个星期。）许多家庭还布置了一个小的象征着耶稣诞生地的圣诞马槽，再现了耶稣诞生时的情景。
圣诞老人在平安夜下午的晚些时候带着一大堆礼物来到了人间。他把礼物放在了圣诞树下面。家中的一个人摇铃把大家都集中到房间里开始分享礼物。而到了圣诞节那天，人们会做鱼肉或者鹅肉。
Finland
芬兰
Finnish people believe that Father Christmas (Santa Claus) lives in the north part of Finland called Korvatunturi, north of the Arctic Circle. People from all over the world send letters to Santa Claus in Finland.
Everyone cleans their houses ready for the three holy days of Christmas—Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and Boxing Day. Christmas Eve is very special. When people eat rice porridge and plum fruit juice in the morning, they will then decorate a spruce9 tree in the home. At mid-day, the ‘peace of Christmas’ is broadcasted on radio and TV from the Finnish city of Turku by its Mayor. In the evening, a traditional Christmas dinner is eaten. Many families will visit cemeteries10 and grave-yards to place a candle onto the burial11 graves of family members. Cemeteries are very beautiful at Christmas-time.
Children receive their presents on Christmas Eve, usually with a family member dressing as Father Christmas. As children grow older, they come to realize that ‘Father Christmas’ is really a bigger brother, sister or family member.
芬兰人相信圣诞老人就住在芬兰的北部北极圈以北被称为Korvatunturi的地方。所以，来自世界各地的人们常把信寄给芬兰的圣诞老人。
为了迎接基督教三个神圣的节日——平安夜、圣诞节和礼盒节，人们竞相打扫着他们的房间。平安夜是个很特别的日子。人们在清晨吃完麦片粥和喝完李子汁后便开始大张旗鼓地装点起家里的云杉树来。中午，芬兰土尔库城的市长会在广播和电视里为大家送去圣诞节的祈福。而晚上，人们则会聚在一起共同享受传统的圣诞大餐。许多家庭还会在这天前往墓地在已故去的家人的墓前点上一根蜡烛以此来慰藉他们的灵魂。在圣诞节期间，就连墓地也会变得格外漂亮。
孩子们会在平安夜收到他们的礼物，通常圣诞老人都是由一名家庭成员扮演的。当孩子们长大以后，他们才会发现圣诞老人原来就是他们的哥哥、姐姐或是其他的家庭成员。
1.spank[spANk]v.打（小孩的）屁股
2.edible[5edEbl]adj.适宜食用的；可以吃的
3.assorted[E5sC:tId]adj.各种各样的；什锦的
4.meringue[mE5rAN]n.蛋白酥；酥皮蛋卷
5.sparkler[5spB:klE(r)]n.烟花棒
6.pastry[5peIstrI]n.油酥糕点
7.wreath[ri:P]n.花环
8.crib[krIb]n.圣诞马槽（表现耶酥诞生的情景）
9.spruce[spru:s]n.云杉
10. cemetery[5semEtrI]n.墓地；坟地
11. burial[5berIEl]n.安葬地