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为研究严寒地区滨江居住小区冬季热环境特点,通过对哈尔滨市滨江居住小区和内陆居住小区在冬季典型气象日的空气温度、黑球温度以及风速进行现场实测,定量分析了滨江居住小区与内陆居住小区热环境差异,及滨江居住小区建筑布局对其热环境的影响,并根据风冷温度对人体热感觉进行评价.结果表明:滨江居住小区冬季热环境与内陆居住小区相比较差,且不同建筑布局间存在较大差异;滨江居住小区比内陆居住小区平均空气温度低2.45℃,平均黑球温度低3.66℃,平均风速大0.48 m/s,平均风冷温度低5.59℃;对滨江居住小区不同区域热环境进行对比,发现冬季太阳辐射对温度提升作用最为显著,其次为建筑布局围合程度,居住小区行列式布局内部寒冷程度较高,广场和临江入口处次之,围合式布局和半围合式布局内部较低,并且增大行列式布局建筑间距能够有效降低布局内部寒冷程度,提高热舒适度.
In order to study the characteristics of winter thermal environment in the riverside residential area in harsh area, this paper measured the air temperature, black-ball temperature and wind speed of typical residential metropolitan area in Harbin and inland residential area in winter, The difference of thermal environment in residential area and the influence of building layout on the thermal environment of residential area in Binjiang District, and evaluate the thermal sensation of human body according to air-cooled temperature.The results show that the winter thermal environment in residential area of Binjiang is worse than that of inland residential area, The average air temperature is 0.48 m / s, the mean air temperature is 0.48 m / s, and the average air temperature is 5.59 ℃ lower than that of the inland residential area; Compared with the thermal environment in different districts of Binjiang district, it is found that the solar radiation has the most significant effect on the temperature increase in winter, followed by the degree of enclosure in the layout of the buildings, the higher the degree of internal cold in the layout of residential quarters, Combined layout and semi-enclosed layout of the lower interior, and increase the ranks of the layout of architectural spacing can effectively reduce the cloth Internal degree cold, improve thermal comfort.