一、国外相关研究。1895年,美国经济学家海斯首先从经济学意义上提出了风险的定义,认为风险是损失发生的可能性。最早对风险进行系统研究的1是美国学者威雷特博士(Allan.WIlet),他对风险做了如下定义:“所谓风险是关于不愿发生的事件发生的不确定性之客观体现”。日本学者武井勋认为:“风险是在不特定环境中和特定期间内自然存在的导致经济损 First, foreign related research. In 1895, the United States economist Hayes first proposed the definition of risk in the sense of economics, that risk is the possibility of loss. The earliest systematic study of risk1 was Allan W. Wheeler, a scholar at the U.S., who defined the risk as follows: ”The so-called risk is an objective expression of the uncertainty about the unintended occurrence“ . Japanese scholar Wujing Xun believes that: ”The risk is in a non-specific environment and within a specific period of natural causes leading to economic damage