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目的通过分析赣州市1950—2011年麻疹流行病学特征,评估消除麻疹效果。方法采用描述流行病学的方法,运用Excel 2003软件进行分析。结果赣州市1950—2011年共报告麻疹839 789例。在计划免疫前阶段(1950—1978年),年均发病率615.28/10万,麻疹呈自然流行状态,每隔二三年出现一次流行高峰。计划免疫阶段(1979—2011年),年均发病率大幅度下降至18.89/10万。在开展常规麻疹疫苗接种同时实施麻疹强化,麻疹发病率下降显著,2009—2011年麻疹发病率控制在1/100万以下。结论高覆盖率的常规免疫,适时开展麻疹强化免疫活动是消除麻疹的有效策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 1950 to 2011 in Ganzhou and evaluate the measles elimination effect. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze using Excel 2003 software. Results A total of 839 789 measles cases were reported in Ganzhou from 1950 to 2011. In the pre-immunization phase (1950-1978), the average annual incidence rate was 615.28 / 100 000. Measles was in a state of natural epidemic with a peak of epidemics every two to three years. During the immunization phase (1979-2011), the annual average incidence dropped drastically to 18.89 / 100,000. The incidence of measles declined significantly during regular measles vaccination and measles intensification. The incidence of measles in 2009-2011 was controlled at less than 1 million. Conclusions Routine immunization with high coverage and timely immunization with measles is an effective strategy to eliminate measles.