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目的了解浙江省宁波市2004-2008年流感流行状况和H1N1型流感变异情况,探索流行规律并为流感防治提供科学依据。方法建立监测哨点,采用流感样病例就诊百分比(ILI%)为流行病学监测指标,并对送检的流感样病例咽拭子或含漱液标本进行病毒分离和鉴定。结果2004年1月-2008年12月,宁波市4家监测哨点医院共报告流感样病例99 333例,流感样病例百分比波动在0.77%~11.66%,平均为4.49%(99 333/2 210 318);共送检流感样病例标本5 784份,分离出流感病毒686株,平均分离率为11.86%(4.14%~22.32%),其中甲1型163株,甲3型492株,乙型31株。宁波市流感活动的季节性规律表现为每年春末(3-4月)和初秋(8-9月)2个ILI%高峰。2006年流行的H1N1亚型与H1N1疫苗株NewCaledonia/20/1999在血凝素蛋白重链(HA1)区氨基酸的差异为7个,2008年流行的H1N1亚型与H1N1型疫苗株Brisbane-59-2007比较,差异已达到6个位点以上。结论ILI%的异常变化与流感病毒变异活动有关;H1N1型流感毒株变异活动加强。
Objective To understand the prevalence of influenza and the variation of H1N1 influenza in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2008, to explore the epidemic law and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Methods The surveillance sentinel sites were established. The percentage of influenza-like cases (ILI%) was used as the epidemiological indicator. Throat swabs or gargle samples were collected for virus isolation and identification. Results From January 2004 to December 2008, a total of 99 333 flu-like cases were reported in 4 monitoring sentinel hospitals in Ningbo. The percentage of flu-like cases fluctuated between 0.77% and 11.66%, with an average of 4.49% (99 333/2 210) 318). A total of 5 784 influenza-like samples were collected and 686 influenza viruses were isolated. The average isolation rate was 11.86% (4.14% -22.32%), of which 163 strains were type A, 492 strains were type A, 31 strains. The seasonal pattern of influenza activity in Ningbo shows two ILI% peaks at the end of each spring (March-April) and early autumn (August-September). The amino acid difference between the H1N1 subtype and the H1N1 vaccine strain NewCaledonia / 20/1999 in the hemagglutinin heavy chain (HA1) region in 2006 was 7, and the prevalence of the H1N1 subtype in 2008 and the H1N1 vaccine strain Brisbane-59- 2007, the difference has reached more than 6 loci. Conclusion The abnormal changes of ILI% are related to the variation of influenza virus. The variation of H1N1 influenza virus is enhanced.