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贺铸(1052-1125),字方回,又名贺三愁,自号庆湖遗老。他长身耸目,面色铁青,人称“贺鬼头”。孝惠皇后族孙,年少读书,博学强记。任侠喜武,不附权贵,喜欢谈论天下大事。17岁时离家(辉县)赴汴京,曾任右班殿直,监军器库门,出监临城县酒税。元丰元年(1078)改官滏阳都作院。五年赴徐州领宝丰监钱官。由于所任皆冷职闲差,抑郁不得志,自称“四年冷笑老东徐”。元祐三年(1088)赴和州任管界巡检,此虽武职,但位低事烦,不遂其愿。晚年退居苏州,杜门校书。宣和七年(1125)卒于常州僧舍。贺铸能诗文,尤擅长填词。其词内容、风格较为丰富多样,兼有豪放、婉约二派之长,长于锤炼语言并善融化前人成句。用韵特严,富有节奏感和音乐美。部分描绘春花秋月之作,意境高旷,语言浓丽哀婉,近似秦观、晏几道。他的性格本近于侠,以雄爽刚烈见称于士大夫之林。其爱国忧时之作,风格也大不同于从《花间》到北宋末的柔婉之调,显得豪放劲朗,慷慨悲壮,又近苏轼。南宋爱国词人辛弃疾等对其词均有续作,足见其影响。
He cast (1052-1125), the word side back, also known as three sorrows, from Qing Qing Lake legacy. He looks tall, pale, called “He Kitui ”. Xia Hui Hui tribe, young reading, erudite strong mind. Ren Xiaxi Wu, not attached to the expensive, like to talk about world affairs. At 17 years of age away from home (Hui County) went to Beijing, served as the right class hall straight, the prisoner library door, Lincheng County prison wine spawn. Yuan Feng reign (1078) reformed officer Yang Yang as a hospital. Five years went to Xuzhou collar Baofeng supervisor money officer. As a result of all the idle and idle, depression is frustrated, claiming “sneer old Dong Xu ” four years. Yuanyuan three years (1088) went to the state and the pipe industry inspection, although the military post, but bit low trouble, failed to do so. Later retirement in Suzhou, Dumen school books. Propaganda and seven years (1125) died in Changzhou shanty. He cast can poetry, especially good at lyrics. Its content, style is more rich and diverse, both bold, graceful length of two factions, longer than the exercise of language and good melts the previous sentence. Very rhyme, rhythmic and musical beauty. Part depicting the spring flowers for the moon, mood Kuang Kuang, the language is beautiful and sad, similar to Qin Guan, Yan Jidao. His character is almost in the Xia, strong and strong known in the Scholar’s forest. Its patriotic worry for the time, the style is also very different from the “Flower Room” to the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the soft tune, it seems bold, generous and generous, and close to Su Shi. Southern Song Dynasty compatriot Xin Qiji and other words are sequel, showing its impact.