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目的 了解2012-2015学年北京市大中小学生乙类传染病流行病学特征,为北京市各阶段学校乙类传染病防控提供数据支持和决策依据.方法 学生乙类传染病数据来源于“中国传染病报告信息管理系统”,采用描述流行病学方法,对北京市2012-2015学年大中小学生乙类传染病资料进行分析.结果 北京市2012-2015学年大中小学生报告乙类传染病病例共18种9 918例,3学年平均报告发病率为162.99/10万.报告发病数居前5位的病种依次为猩红热、痢疾、肺结核、艾滋病(含HIV)和梅毒.其中小学生报告发病率最高,为238.64/10万;初中生发病率最低,为76.16/10万.结论 北京市大中小学生乙类传染病发病趋势近3年总体趋势一致,乙类传染病防控重点人群为小学生,重点病种为猩红热;大学生中艾滋病(含HIV)病例近年来逐年升高,应开展性教育工作.“,”Objective To examine the prevalence of infectious diseases of category B among students in Beijing city from September 1,2012 through August 31,2015,and to provide a data support for making prevention policies.Methods Data on reported cases of category B infectious disease among students in Beijing municipality were collected from National Network-based Infectious Diseases Reporting System.Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the data.Results Totally 9 918 students suffering from infectious diseases of category B were reported in Beijing during the 3-year period and the average incidence rate was 162.99/100 000.Scarlet fever,dysentery,tuberculosis,syphilis,and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (including human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infection) were the top five diseases with higher number of cases reported.The reported morbidity of the category B infectious diseases was the highest (238.64/100 000) among primary school students and the lowest (76.16/100 000) among junior high school students.Conclusion The incidence category B infectious diseases remained stable among school students in Beijing city between 2012 and 2015;the study results suggest that more concerns should be paid to the prevention of category B disease among pupils and the control of scarlet fever;in addition,AIDS (HIV) related sexual health education needs to be promoted among college students to reduce the incidents of the disease.