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神经坏死病毒(Nervous necrosis virus,NNV)是一种能导致海水鱼脑、中枢神经及视网膜等神经系统坏死的病毒,该病毒引发的鱼类病毒性神经坏死病主要发生在稚鱼和幼鱼期,较强的致病力及高致死率给海水鱼养殖业带来了沉重的打击,成为海水鱼类养殖产业可持续发展最重要的限制因素之一。文章主要综述了NNV的基本特征、诊断技术、病毒传播、疫苗免疫学等研究进展,介绍了NNV的防控技术及策略,为海水养殖鱼类NNV的防控工作提供参考。
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a kind of virus that can cause necrosis of nervous system such as brain, CNS and retina of marine fish. The virus-induced neurotoxic necrosis of fish mainly occurs in juveniles and juveniles The strong pathogenicity and high lethality have brought a heavy blow to marine aquaculture and have become one of the most important limiting factors in the sustainable development of marine aquaculture. This article mainly reviewed the research progress of the basic features of NNV, such as diagnostic techniques, virus transmission and vaccine immunology. The prevention and control techniques and strategies of NNV were introduced, which provided references for the prevention and control of NNV in marine aquaculture.