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推进国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化是十八届三中全会确定的总目标,而治吏与治民是国家治理体系的两条主要路线,区别在于措施针对的对象不同,治吏针对国家公职人员系统,具体措施包括改革行政体制、打击贪腐、统一权责。而治民的对象是普通民众,包括引导民众守法用法,推动民众参政议政等。当今中国处在转型期,社会矛盾急需缓和,各种弊端正待解决,无论治吏还是治民,共同目的都是走出困境,深化改革。笔者分析当前问题产生的根源,认为作用于吏才是解决问题的关键,因此治吏比治民更重要。
The modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity is the general goal set by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. The two main routes are the government officials and the people governing the state. The difference lies in the different targets of the measures and the government officials’ Personnel system, concrete measures include reform of the administrative system, fight corruption, the unity of power and responsibility. The object of governance is the common people, including guiding people to abide by the law and promote public participation in politics. Nowadays, China is in a transitional period. Social contradictions are in urgent need of relaxation. All kinds of drawbacks are yet to be solved. Both the goal of governing the state and governing the people are to go beyond the difficulties and deepen the reform. The author analyzes the root causes of the current problems, that is, the role of officials is the key to solving the problem, so rule officials is more important than governance.