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目的了解2011年-2015年南昌市流感病毒流行情况,为科学制定流感防控策略提供参考依据。方法收集2011年1月-2015年12月南昌市哨点监测医院流感样病例标本,采用实时荧光定量反转录PCR(real-time RTPCR)反应进行病毒核酸检测分型,阳性标本接种MDCK细胞进行病毒分离,血凝抑制实验鉴定。结果共检测流感标本核酸3 856份,阳性标本829份,阳性率为21.5%;其中新甲型H1N1、季节性H3、B型阳性率分别为4.69%、10.8%、5.9%。各年度阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=160.38,P<0.01)。不同年龄组流感病毒检出结果差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.93,P<0.01),其中以5岁~年龄组阳性率最高(25.8%),0岁~年龄组阳性率最低(14.6%)。流感病毒在各监测年度冬春交季有1个流行高峰。结论南昌市2011年-2015年有3种毒株呈现共同或先后交替流行。新型人禽流感病毒的活跃对南昌市流感病毒流行态势造成了一定的影响。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of influenza virus in Nanchang City from 2011 to 2015 and provide reference for scientific development of influenza prevention and control strategy. Methods Influenza-like samples were collected from sentinel surveillance hospitals in Nanchang from January 2011 to December 2015. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the virus nucleic acid. The positive samples were inoculated into MDCK cells Virus isolation, hemagglutination inhibition experiment. Results A total of 3 856 samples of influenza virus were detected, including 829 positive samples, the positive rate was 21.5%. The positive rates of new H1N1, seasonal H3 and B were 4.69%, 10.8% and 5.9% respectively. The positive rate of each year was statistically significant (χ2 = 160.38, P <0.01). The results of influenza virus in different age groups showed significant difference (χ2 = 12.93, P <0.01), of which the highest positive rate was 25.8% in 5 years old group and the lowest was 14.6% . Influenza virus in each monitoring year winter season has a perennial peak. Conclusion From 2011 to 2015 in Nanchang City, three strains showed common or alternating epidemic. The new type of human bird flu virus has caused a certain impact on the prevalence of influenza virus in Nanchang.