Ⅰ.引言近几年以来,按多数决定原则来工作的元件,即所谓多数元件,已经提出许多种。磁心逻辑元件、变参数元件、克希荷夫加法器、电阻-隧道二极管元件等等,都是属于这一类型的元件。这些元件的一个共同特点是,当输入端表示一组开关变数的某些物理量之总和超过某一阈值时,元件处于一种稳态;而当小于该阈 I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, many components have been proposed for the most part based on the principle of majority decision. Core logic elements, variable parameter elements, Kirchhoff adders, resistance-tunneling diode elements, etc., belong to this type of element. A common feature of these elements is that the element is in a steady state when the sum of some of the physical quantities at the input representing a set of switching variables exceeds a certain threshold,