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采用强度、硬度测试和金相显微镜及扫描电镜观察,对热轧态和在线热处理态的U71Mn、U75V和U78Cr V钢轨的力学性能和显微组织进行分析。结果表明,钢轨的显微组织均为珠光体+少量铁素体,热轧态的珠光体片层间距较大,在线热处理后珠光体片层间距变小,性能得到改善。从强度和硬度指标分析,在线热处理对U75V钢轨的性能改善效果最佳,从强塑积指标分析,在线热处理对U78Cr V钢轨的性能改善效果最佳。U78Cr V钢轨在线热处理钢轨的珠光体片层间距最小,且具有较好的综合性能。
The mechanical properties and microstructures of U71Mn, U75V and U78Cr V rails in hot-rolled and in-line heat-treated steels were analyzed by strength and hardness test and optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the microstructures of the rails are all pearlite + a small amount of ferrite. The distance between the hot-rolled pearlite sheets is large. The spacing of the pearlite sheets becomes smaller after the in-line heat treatment, and the properties are improved. From the analysis of the strength and hardness index, the on-line heat treatment has the best effect on the improvement of the U75V rail. From the analysis of the strong plastic plot index, the on-line heat treatment has the best effect on the improvement of the U78Cr V rail. U78Cr V rail on-line heat treatment of the pearlite rail spacing of the smallest, and has good overall performance.