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目的:调查重庆主城某区6~12岁儿童超重肥胖现况及其膳食摄入状况,为预防重庆主城儿童超重肥胖提供参考。方法:采取随机整群抽样的方式,在重庆主城某区抽取5所小学,并对所有符合纳入标准的6 260名小学生进行体格检查和半定量膳食频数法问卷调查。并对可能引起超重肥胖的其他因素进行二元logistic回归分析。结果:儿童超重检出率为16.59%(1 000/6 028),肥胖检出率为11.28%(680/6 028);其中男童超重检出率为19.11%(595/3 114),肥胖检出率为13.74%(428/3 114);女童超重检出率为13.90%(405/2 914),肥胖检出率为8.65%(252/2 914)。超重肥胖组儿童每日宏量营养素(蛋白质:77.44 g vs.74.97 g,P<0.05)及微量营养素(维生素A:989.02μg RE vs.939.42μg RE;维生素B1:0.81 mg vs.0.79 mg;维生素B2:1.16 mg vs.1.12 mg;维生素B6:1.16 mg vs.1.12 mg;维生素B12:8.91μg vs.8.31μg;叶酸:304.44μg vs.295.08μg;烟酸:13.00 mg vs.12.42 mg;铁:13.16 mg vs.12.86 mg;锌:11.71 mg vs 11.43 mg;P<0.05)摄入量均高于正常对照组。二元logistic回归分析表明家长受教育水平、家庭收入、出生体质量是超重肥胖的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:该调查地区儿童超重肥胖检出率较高,发病率增长较快,需要高度重视,要加强对儿童超重肥胖的健康教育及综合干预,促进儿童身心健康发展。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children aged 6 ~ 12 in a district of Chongqing city and their dietary intake, and provide a reference for preventing overweight and obesity among children in the main city of Chongqing. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 5 primary schools in a certain district in the main city of Chongqing. Physical examination and semi-quantitative dietary frequency questionnaire survey were conducted on 6 260 primary school students who met the inclusion criteria. And other factors that may cause overweight and obesity were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results: The detection rate of overweight in children was 16.59% (1000/6 028), and the detection rate of obesity was 11.28% (680/6 028). Among them, the detection rate of overweight in boys was 19.11% (595/3 114) The detection rate was 13.74% (428/3 114). The detection rate of overweight in girls was 13.90% (405/2 914) and the detection rate of obesity was 8.65% (252/2 914). The daily macronutrients (protein: 77.44 g vs. 74.97 g, P <0.05) and micronutrients (vitamin A: 989.02 μg RE vs. 939.42 μg RE; vitamin B1: 0.81 mg vs. 0.79 mg); vitamins B2: 1.16 mg vs.1.12 mg; Vitamin B6: 1.16 mg vs.1.12 mg; Vitamin B12: 8.91 μg vs. 8.31 μg; Folic acid: 304.44 μg vs.295.08 μg; Niacin: 13.00 mg vs. 12.42 mg; 13.16 mg vs.12.86 mg; zinc: 11.71 mg vs 11.43 mg; P <0.05) were higher than the normal control group. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that parental education level, family income and birth weight were the influencing factors of overweight and obesity (P <0.05). Conclusion: The detection rate of overweight and obesity in children in this survey area is relatively high, and the incidence rate is increasing rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to attach great importance to health education and comprehensive intervention in children with overweight and obesity to promote children’s physical and mental health development.