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目的了解北京市某区4所幼儿园在园儿童心理与行为问题发生现状,同时对影响心理卫生健康的高危因素进行评估,为提供早期干预提供理论依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,对北京市某区4所幼儿园766名3~6岁儿童进行调查。研究借鉴国际上广泛使用的长处和困难问卷(strength and difficulty questionnaire,SDQ),结合儿童基本情况调查内容,收集儿童心理健康状况与个人家庭社会环境等信息。结果参与调查的儿童平均年龄(4.02±0.82)岁,男童50.1%、女童49.9%。此次调查儿童心理与行为问题异常率6.01%,边缘水平9.01%。其中,同伴交往问题异常及边缘状态的比例高达34.2%。结论幼儿园在园儿童心理行为问题发生率较高,应重视在园儿童心理行为问题的干预。
Objective To understand the current situation of the psychological and behavioral problems of four children in a kindergarten in a certain district of Beijing and to evaluate the risk factors that affect mental health and provide a theoretical basis for providing early intervention. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate 766 children aged 3 ~ 6 in 4 kindergartens in a certain district of Beijing. The study draws on the strength and dysmenorrhea questionnaire (SDQ), which is widely used in the world. Based on the investigation of the basic situation of children, this paper collects information on the mental health of children and the social environment of individuals. Results The average age of children surveyed (4.02 ± 0.82) years, boys and girls 50.1%, 49.9%. The survey abnormalities in children’s psychological and behavioral problems 6.01%, the edge level of 9.01%. Among them, the proportion of anomalies and marginal status of peer interaction as high as 34.2%. Conclusion Kindergarten children in the park a higher incidence of psychological problems, children should pay attention to the psychological behavior of children in the park intervention.