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近来年,一幢幢新房在农村拔地而起。但是,由于农民不了解建筑的科学知识,自行设计、自行施工,凭土经验建房,结果刚住上新房不久,就会出现墙体裂缝、墙面漏水、通风透光状况不好等不应有的遗憾。 本刊特请建筑工程师就建房中出现的问题,提出有益的方案,希望能对打算建房的朋友有一定的帮助。 一、地基处理上存在着误区 在农村,笔者经常看到一些农民新建住宅的墙体出现裂缝。造成这些裂缝的主要原因是:在建房时,地基不作相应处理,由于地基不均匀沉降将墙体拉裂。有些山区农民的住宅,常把基础的一边座在风化岩层上,另一边则座在砂土层上,影响了房屋的整体稳固性。那么,如何防止由于地基不均匀沉降而引起的
In recent years, blocks of new houses in the rural areas. However, since peasants do not understand the scientific knowledge of architecture, they should design their own buildings and construct their own homes based on their own experiences. As a result, peasants soon have to live in new houses and cracks in walls, water leakage on walls, poor ventilation and light conditions, etc. should not occur Some regret. This publication specially requests the construction engineer to put forward the beneficial plan to the problems which appears in the building, hoping to have some help to the friend who intends to build a house. First, there are misunderstandings in the foundation treatment In rural areas, I often see some peasants new residential wall cracks. The main reason for these cracks is that when the building is built, the foundation is not treated accordingly and the wall is cracked due to the uneven foundation settlement. In some mountainous peasant houses, one side of the foundation is often seated on a weathered rock formation and the other is seated on sand and soil, affecting the overall stability of the house. So, how to prevent uneven subsidence caused by the foundation