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应急疏散的目的是要在灾害发生时将处于危险地带的人群尽快转移至安全地带。针对不同灾害事件类型而引发的单源单汇、单(多)源多汇网络状态的路网疏散问题分别进行了分析。在各路段通行能力的约束条件下,以疏散交通流量最大、总疏散时间最小为优化目标,运用最小费用最大流理论建立了局域路网疏散分配模型。通过实例对模型进行了求解,并在Matlab中得到了实现。通过查找最小截量组成弧的分布位置,并对路网中最小截量组成弧的路段扩容改造,进而有效提高局域路网的应急疏散能力。
The purpose of emergency evacuation is to move people at risk in a safe place as soon as possible when a disaster strikes. The evacuation of single-source single-sink and single-source (multi-sink) multi-sink networks based on different types of disaster events is analyzed respectively. Under the constraints of capacity of each section, the distribution of local road network evacuation was established by using the maximum flow theory of minimum cost and taking the evacuation traffic flow as the maximum and the total evacuation time as the optimization objective. The model is solved by examples and realized in Matlab. By finding the distribution position of the arc with the smallest cut-off, the road segment with the smallest cut-off of the road network can be expanded and expanded, and the evacuation capability of the local road network can be effectively improved.