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目的分析煤矿接尘工人职业紧张的影响因素,并提出有效的干预措施。方法抽取山西省煤矿接尘工人2 058名进行一般情况调查和职业紧张状况调查。结果煤矿接尘工人职业紧张的重点人群特征为:未婚、经济状况差、吸烟、饮酒、井下工作、每天工作时间>8 h、接尘时间>3年,工作危险度大,社会地位较低等。多元逐步回归分析结果提示职业紧张反应的主要影响因素有:吸烟、疲劳、社会地位低、任务过重、任务模糊、任务冲突、责任感低、工作环境差、休闲活动少、自我保健意识差和社会支持不力等。结论煤矿接尘工人面临着较严重的职业紧张。为缓解煤矿接尘工人的职业紧张,应适当减轻职业任务和针对各种紧张因素加强心理疏导与自我调适,改善工作环境及待遇。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of occupational stress in dust collectors in coal mines and propose effective intervention measures. Methods A total of 2 058 coal dust collectors in Shanxi Province were sampled for general survey and occupational stress investigation. Results The characteristics of the key occupational stressors in coal mine workers exposed to dust were: unmarried, poor economic conditions, smoking, drinking, underground work, daily working time> 8 h, dusting time> 3 years, working risk and social status lower . The results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of occupational stress include smoking, fatigue, low social status, overworking, ambiguity of tasks, conflicts of work, low responsibility, poor working environment, less leisure activities, poor self-care awareness and social Poor support and so on. Conclusion Coal mine workers are facing more serious occupational stress. In order to relieve the occupational stress of dust collectors in coal mines, it is necessary to appropriately reduce their occupational tasks and strengthen psychological counseling and self-adjustment in response to various kinds of stressors so as to improve their work environment and treatment.