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1991~1995年,在元谋开展了薪炭林试验研究。结果表明,该地区薪炭林适宜的技术措施是:(1)整地,以撩壕(深60~80cm,底宽60cm)或大塘(深40cm,底径35~40cm)为宜。(2)密度,按类每公顷5000株,银合欢及相思类10000株。(3)苗木,营养袋苗,营养土配方为细土:牛马粪:细砂:磷肥为60:25:10:5。(4)造林季节,夏至到大暑节令之间。(5)定植方法,选择透雨天(回填土壤湿润深度30cm以上)或雨后1~3d内,用除去全部塑料膜的营养袋苗定植。(6)幼林庇荫措施,采用直播木豆的方法。根据上述措施营造薪炭林,三年生时采伐,4种桉树、3种相思类及银合欢每公顷生物量气干材均可达9.0t以上,年均3.0t。其产值按当地市价计算,每公顷约2600元。扣除成本之后,纯收入2200元,每个劳力分红值9.5元。
From 1991 to 1995, a pilot study of firewood was conducted in Yuanmou. The results showed that the suitable technical measures of firewood forest in this area are as follows: (1) Soil preparation is appropriate with teeming (depth 60-80cm, bottom width 60cm) or big pond (depth 40cm, bottom diameter 35-40cm). (2) Density: 5000 plants per hectare, 10,000 plants of Acacia and Acacia. (3) nursery stock bags, nutrient bags, nutrition soil formula for the fine soil: cattle horse manure: fine sand: phosphate fertilizer 60:25:10: 5. (4) afforestation season, the summer solstice to the summer holiday order. (5) planting method, select the day of rainy day (backfill soil moist depth of 30cm or more) or 1 ~ 3 days after the rain, with the removal of all plastic bags of nutrition bags planted. (6) Young trees sheltering measures, the method of direct broadcast pigeon. According to the above measures to create a fuelwood forest, harvesting at three years, four kinds of eucalyptus, Acacia and Acacia biomass per hectare can reach more than 9.0t, with an average annual 3.0t. Its output value according to the local market price, about 2,600 yuan per hectare. After deducting costs, net income of 2,200 yuan, 9.5 yuan each labor dividend.