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一、前言机械加工工业经历了长期发展,人们在提高机械加工精度方面,进行了大量的研究和不懈的努力。自从六十年代以来,不少生产工程专家通过调查、分析,认为:加工误差中40～70％是因热变形(包括机床、工具、工件等)所引起,因此进一步提高加工精度的主要障碍是工艺系统热变形。在精密加工中,即使在恒温条件下,精密机床的热稳定过程,一般长达6～10小时以上,在此热过渡过程中,工件与工具之间相对位置亦处于不断变化之中。由机床热变形机理的简单模型(见图1)知
I. Introduction Machining industry has experienced long-term development, people in improving the machining accuracy, conducted a lot of research and tireless efforts. Since the 1960s, many production engineering experts have investigated and analyzed that: 40-70% of machining errors are caused by thermal deformation (including machine tools, tools, workpieces, etc.), so the main obstacle to further improving the machining accuracy is Process system thermal deformation. In precision machining, the thermal stability of a precision machine tool is generally 6 to 10 hours even under constant temperature conditions. During the thermal transition, the relative position between the workpiece and the tool is also constantly changing. By the machine tool thermal deformation mechanism of a simple model (see Figure 1) known