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1. sound, voice, noise
这三个名词都有“声音”之意,但其内涵却大不相同｡
sound 通常指人的耳朵可以听到的任何声音或响声,也可以表示物理学概念上的“声(音)”｡例如:
He heard the sound of footsteps downstairs. 他听见了楼下的脚步声｡
Sound travels better in water than in air. 声音在水中比在空气中更易传送｡
voice 常指人的说话声､嗓音､嗓子,也可指禽类或鸟类的鸣叫声｡例如:
Her voice was choked with sobs. 她泣不成声｡
Can’t you keep your voice down? 你不能把嗓门放低点吗?
I have no voice today. 今天我的嗓子哑了｡
noise 通常指不悦耳的声音､噪音或喧嚣声｡例如:
Don’t make so much noise. 不要这么吵闹｡
The children playing outside kept up a continual noise. 在外面玩耍的孩子们不断发出喧闹声｡
2. lend, borrow
这两个动词都有“借”的意思,但用法各不相同｡ lend 指把东西借给别人,表示“借(出)”,“把某物借给某人”用“lend sb sth”或“lend sth to sb”｡而 borrow 指从别人那里借来东西,表示“借(入)”,“从某人或某处借来某物”用“borrow sth from sb/somewhere”｡例如:
Please lend me five yuan. 请借给我5元｡
I lent my car to him. 我把车借给了他｡
May I borrow your pen? 我可以借一下你的钢笔吗?
They are always borrowing books from the library. 他们总是从图书馆借书｡
3. else, other
两者都可用作形容词,表示“别的”､“其他的”的意思,但用法却不相同｡ else 常用于修饰不定代词､疑问代词,并且要置于这些被修饰词之后,用作后置定语;而 other 常用作前置定语,用来修饰名词｡例如:
It must have been somebody else. 肯定是其他什么人｡
Don’t do anything else silly. 别再干别的蠢事了｡
What else did he say? 他还说了些什么?
Have you any other questions to ask? 你还有其他问题要问吗?
I’ve got other things to think about. 我有别的事情要考虑｡
注意: else 可以用作副词,置于疑问副词之后,表示“其他”､“另外”之意｡例如:
Where else can I go? 我还能去别的什么地方吗?
How else could I have acted? 我不那样做还能有别的办法吗?
4. kind of, a kind of, all kinds of
kind of 常用于口语,意为“有点”､“有些”,常置于形容词､副词､动词之前,相当于程度副词的作用｡例如:
Actually, I felt kind of sorry for him. 说实话,我为他感到有点儿难过｡
I kind of like him. 我有点儿喜欢他｡
a kind of 意为“……的一种”,有时也表示“几分”､“稍稍”之意,后接单数名词｡例如:
It is a new kind of car. 这是一种新式的汽车｡
He has a kind of genius. 他有几分天资｡
all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”､“许多”, 后面常接可数名词的复数形式｡例如:
She was offered all kinds of things. 人们向她提供了各种各样的东西｡
5. ask(sb) about sth, ask (sb) for sth?熏 ask for sb, ask after sb
ask (sb) about sth 意为“询问(某人)有关……的情况”,而 ask (sb) for sth 则意为“要求(某人)给予……”｡例如:
She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况｡
There’s something I want to ask you about. 有些事情我想问你一下｡
Why don’t you ask for help? 你为什么不要求帮助呢?
They asked him for his address. 他们问他要他的地址｡
ask for sb 意为“求见/找某人”,而 ask after sb 则意为“问候某人”｡例如:
Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你｡
My wife asked after you. 我妻子向你问好｡
这三个名词都有“声音”之意,但其内涵却大不相同｡
sound 通常指人的耳朵可以听到的任何声音或响声,也可以表示物理学概念上的“声(音)”｡例如:
He heard the sound of footsteps downstairs. 他听见了楼下的脚步声｡
Sound travels better in water than in air. 声音在水中比在空气中更易传送｡
voice 常指人的说话声､嗓音､嗓子,也可指禽类或鸟类的鸣叫声｡例如:
Her voice was choked with sobs. 她泣不成声｡
Can’t you keep your voice down? 你不能把嗓门放低点吗?
I have no voice today. 今天我的嗓子哑了｡
noise 通常指不悦耳的声音､噪音或喧嚣声｡例如:
Don’t make so much noise. 不要这么吵闹｡
The children playing outside kept up a continual noise. 在外面玩耍的孩子们不断发出喧闹声｡
2. lend, borrow
这两个动词都有“借”的意思,但用法各不相同｡ lend 指把东西借给别人,表示“借(出)”,“把某物借给某人”用“lend sb sth”或“lend sth to sb”｡而 borrow 指从别人那里借来东西,表示“借(入)”,“从某人或某处借来某物”用“borrow sth from sb/somewhere”｡例如:
Please lend me five yuan. 请借给我5元｡
I lent my car to him. 我把车借给了他｡
May I borrow your pen? 我可以借一下你的钢笔吗?
They are always borrowing books from the library. 他们总是从图书馆借书｡
3. else, other
两者都可用作形容词,表示“别的”､“其他的”的意思,但用法却不相同｡ else 常用于修饰不定代词､疑问代词,并且要置于这些被修饰词之后,用作后置定语;而 other 常用作前置定语,用来修饰名词｡例如:
It must have been somebody else. 肯定是其他什么人｡
Don’t do anything else silly. 别再干别的蠢事了｡
What else did he say? 他还说了些什么?
Have you any other questions to ask? 你还有其他问题要问吗?
I’ve got other things to think about. 我有别的事情要考虑｡
注意: else 可以用作副词,置于疑问副词之后,表示“其他”､“另外”之意｡例如:
Where else can I go? 我还能去别的什么地方吗?
How else could I have acted? 我不那样做还能有别的办法吗?
4. kind of, a kind of, all kinds of
kind of 常用于口语,意为“有点”､“有些”,常置于形容词､副词､动词之前,相当于程度副词的作用｡例如:
Actually, I felt kind of sorry for him. 说实话,我为他感到有点儿难过｡
I kind of like him. 我有点儿喜欢他｡
a kind of 意为“……的一种”,有时也表示“几分”､“稍稍”之意,后接单数名词｡例如:
It is a new kind of car. 这是一种新式的汽车｡
He has a kind of genius. 他有几分天资｡
all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”､“许多”, 后面常接可数名词的复数形式｡例如:
She was offered all kinds of things. 人们向她提供了各种各样的东西｡
5. ask(sb) about sth, ask (sb) for sth?熏 ask for sb, ask after sb
ask (sb) about sth 意为“询问(某人)有关……的情况”,而 ask (sb) for sth 则意为“要求(某人)给予……”｡例如:
She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况｡
There’s something I want to ask you about. 有些事情我想问你一下｡
Why don’t you ask for help? 你为什么不要求帮助呢?
They asked him for his address. 他们问他要他的地址｡
ask for sb 意为“求见/找某人”,而 ask after sb 则意为“问候某人”｡例如:
Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你｡
My wife asked after you. 我妻子向你问好｡