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以我国 2 2个省 590份主要栽培大豆品种为材料 ,评价春、夏、秋大豆遗传资源结瘤固氮性状 ,并配制杂交组合进行初步遗传分析。结果显示 :1 )春夏秋大豆类型间、品种间结瘤固氮性状差异极显著。同类型不同产区的大豆品种共生固氮性状差异显著 ,以长江流域及其以南产区 ,尤以湖北、江苏省品种最佳。 2 )与共生固氮性状密切相关的 1 0项参数变异范围以夏大豆最大 ,并鉴定出单株结瘤数达 2 3 8.8个、根瘤重达 0 .59g、固氮量达 1 47.0 5mg,固氮率 85%,耐硝酸盐性状良好及与根瘤菌亲和性强的优良种质。 3 )不同类型菌株与不同类型大豆品种亲和性有明显差异 ,慢生型菌株 B.japonicum 1 1 3 -2与春、夏、秋大豆品种亲和性优于快生型菌株 S.fredii H4 3 2 ,鉴定出高亲和大豆品种—菌株共生体。 4 )杂交后代遗传分析表明 ,大豆品种与菌株的特异非亲和性受寄主显性基因控制
590 main cultivated soybean varieties from 22 provinces of China were used as materials to evaluate the nodulation and nitrogen fixation traits of soybean genetic resources in spring, summer and autumn and the genetic crosses were prepared for preliminary genetic analysis. The results showed that: 1) There was significant difference in the nodulation and nitrogen fixation between varieties in spring, summer and autumn. The symbiotic nitrogen fixation traits of soybean varieties with different types of different producing areas have significant difference, and the best is the Yangtze River valley and its south producing areas, especially Hubei and Jiangsu Provinces. 2) The range of 10 parameters closely related to symbiotic nitrogen fixation was the largest in summer soybean, and the number of nodules per plant was 23.8, the nodule weight was 0.59g, the nitrogen fixation capacity was 147.0mg, the rate of nitrogen fixation 85%, good resistance to nitrate and good germplasm affinity with Rhizobium. The affinity of B.japonicum 1 1 3 -2 to the spring, summer and autumn soybean varieties was better than that of the fast-growing strains S.fredii H4 3 2, identification of high affinity soybean varieties - strains symbiont. 4) Genetic analysis of progeny of hybrids showed that the specific non-affinity of soybean varieties and strains was controlled by the dominant dominant gene