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目的:探讨心理干预对不同性格的腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者围手术期的护理效果。方法:将2013年1月-2014年1月我科采用手术治疗的LDH患者84例随机均分为观察组与对照组,对照组患者围手术期采用常规护理,观察组患者根据术前性格、心理及社会因素制定心理护理计划;采用焦虑(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别评定患者心理感受、躯体症状及抑郁情绪,观察术中患者肌肉松弛药物或镇静药物使用情况及住院时间,通过改良Macnab标准分析患者治疗效果。结果:观察组术后SAS评分及SDS评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者肌肉松弛药物或镇静药物使用率明显低于对照组(19.0%vs 69.0%,P<0.05);观察组住院时间明显低于对照组[(13.4±2.4)d vs(17.1±2.5)d,P<0.05];两组患者总有效率虽均无统计学差异,但观察组显效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在LDH患者围手术期间,针对其性格、心理及社会因素采用相应的心理干预能明显降低患者负面情绪、减少药物使用率及减少住院时间,并提高治疗效果。
Objective: To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on perioperative nursing of patients with different manifestations of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods: From January 2013 to January 2014, 84 cases of LDH patients undergoing surgical treatment in our department were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Patients in control group received routine nursing during perioperative period. Patients in observation group were selected according to preoperative character, Psychological and social factors to develop psychological care plan; using anxiety (SAS) and depression self-rating scale (SDS) were assessed psychological, physical symptoms and depression, intraoperative patients with muscle relaxants or sedation drug use and hospital stay , Through the improved Macnab standard analysis of patient treatment. Results: The postoperative SAS score and SDS score of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The usage of muscle relaxants or sedatives in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (19.0% vs 69.0%, P <0.05) ; The length of stay in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(13.4 ± 2.4) d vs (17.1 ± 2.5) days, P <0.05]. The total effective rate in the two groups was not significantly different In the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: During the perioperative period of LDH patients, corresponding psychological intervention can be used to reduce the negative emotions, reduce the drug usage, reduce the hospitalization time and improve the treatment effect according to the psychological, psychological and social factors.