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19世纪末20世纪初,当清王朝面临资本主义强势紧逼而步步后退之际,中国民族问题在保国、保种语境下提出并演化,演化的核心是西来的“种族”、“民族”及其蓄含的一套价值观念,替代和改造王朝中国处理“五方之民”历史观念及传统历史资源,其大背景则是王朝中国向主权现代中国转型。理解和认识中国民族问题提出的历史轨迹,有助于今人认识和理解中国特色社会主义建设进程中,中国国家统一和民族政策形成的历史国情,以及资本主义时代处理民族问题的目标原则和途径。
In the late 19th century and the early 20th century, when the Qing dynasty was faced with the tightening of capitalism and step by step backward, the issue of Chinese nation was proposed and evolved in the context of protecting the country and preserving the species. The core of the evolution was the “ethnic” , “Ethnicity” and its contained set of values to replace and transform the dynastic China’s handling of the “Five-Peoples” concept of history and traditional historical resources, the background of the dynastic China to the transformation of sovereignty and modern China. Understanding and understanding the historical trajectory proposed by China’s ethnic issues will help people today understand and understand the historical conditions in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the formation of China’s national reunification and national policies and the target principles and approaches for dealing with ethnic issues in the capitalist era .