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选择双台子河口湿地3种样地:地表有植被活体(PA)、地表有植物死体(PD)与光滩(GT),共设置21个样点,测定土壤中全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和全钾(TK)含量,比较了不同植被覆被条件对湿地土壤中营养元素含量及分布特征的影响。结果表明:GT、PD、PA样地土壤TN平均含量分别为0.79、1.01、1.29g.kg-1;TP为0.49、0.50、0.52g.kg-1;TK为22.29、23.01、23.40g.kg-1。不同地表覆被下土壤TN含量差异显著(P<0.05),TP、TK含量差异不显著(P>0.05;P>0.05),说明植被覆被能够有效增加土壤TN含量,而对TP和TK含量影响不大。垂直方向上TN和TP含量具有相似的特征,表现为PA>PD>GT,TK为PA>GT>PD。由表层至底层,TN含量先降低而后升高,TP含量在0～30cm深度内变化不大,在30cm以下土层升高,PA增加幅度最大;TK含量由表层至底层变化较大。在PA-PD-GT的湿地退化过程中,土壤TN、TP和TK分别减少38.6%、6.9%和4.7%。
In order to determine the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) in the wetland soils. The effects of different vegetation cover conditions on nutrient elements and their distribution in wetland soil were compared. The results showed that the average content of soil TN in the soil samples of GT, PD and PA were 0.79, 1.01 and 1.29 g.kg-1 respectively; TP was 0.49, 0.50 and 0.52 g.kg-1; TK was 22.29, 23.01 and 23.40 g.kg -1. The content of TN in soil was significantly different under different land cover (P <0.05), while the content of TP and TK was not significantly different (P> 0.05; P> 0.05), indicating that vegetation cover could effectively increase soil TN content, Has little effect. The TN and TP contents in the vertical direction have similar characteristics as PA> PD> GT and TK as PA> GT> PD. From the surface to the bottom, the content of TN decreased firstly and then increased. The content of TP varied little from 0 to 30 cm. The content of PA increased to the maximum under 30 cm. The content of TK changed greatly from the surface to the bottom. Soil TN, TP and TK decreased by 38.6%, 6.9% and 4.7%, respectively, in the PA-PD-GT wetland degradation process.