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周作人在中国现代文坛之上,曾经参与领导过文学会的活动、提倡晚清小品、主张性灵说甚至多次提出文学无用论,这使他的观点,称为中国现代文学批评史中的一个集聚着巨大矛盾的重要问题。他的文学批评理论也是在支持和反对的双重声音中日趋发展,逐渐走向成熟。早期周作人的文学批评观是属于人道主义的,他提出“人的文学”的口号,并主张依靠个性表现自己情思的文学。在对文学本质的独立思索中,他提出宽容的批评原则。本文将集中论述周作人以“宽容”为核心的文学批评,从以下三个方面展开:(一)该批评理论的形成和基本特征;(二)通过案例分析来详细阐述周作人对这一批评理论的贡献;(三)该批评的优缺点及其在批评史上的正负面影响。
On the modern literary world in China, Zhou Zuoren was involved in leading the literary society, advocating late Qing dynasty sketches and even advocating spirituality and even proposed the theory of literary uselessness. This made his view known as one of the Chinese modern literary criticism history Gathering a huge contradiction of the important issues. His theory of literary criticism is also growing in the double voices of support and opposition, and gradually matures. The early Zhou Zuoren’s view of literary criticism belongs to the humanitarianism. He put forward the slogan of “human literature” and advocate the literature that relies on personality to express his feelings. In his independent thinking on the nature of literature, he proposed the principle of tolerant criticism. This article will focus on Zhou Zuoren “tolerance ” as the core of literary criticism, from the following three aspects: (a) the formation of the critical theory and the basic characteristics; (b) by case analysis to elaborate Zhou Zuoren on this The contribution of a critical theory; (c) the advantages and disadvantages of the criticism and its positive and negative impact in the history of criticism.