19世纪大国体制形成于1815年的维也纳会议,这个体制得以确立的基础是“均势原则”。与该体制几乎同时产生的是由东地中海争夺引起的每十几年爆发一次的欧洲危机,而19世纪70年代英俄的争夺又引发了一次严重的欧洲危机,所不同的是它改变了东地中海的格局,促使稳定的英法普奥俄五大国协作体制走向解体。 The system of great powers in the 19th century was formed at the Vienna Conference in 1815, and the basis for the establishment of this system was the “principle of balance of power.” Almost simultaneously with this system was the European crisis that erupted every ten years from the Eastern Mediterranean, and the contention between Britain and Russia in the 1870s led to a serious European crisis, with the difference that it changed East The pattern of the Mediterranean has led to the dissolution of a stable system of cooperation among the five major nations in Britain, the United Kingdom, and the United States.