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目的了解广西2009年度学生传染病的流行病学特点,为有效降低学生传染病发病率提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析广西学生2009年法定报告传染病发病资料。结果 2009年广西学生法定报告传染病发病率为544.72/10万,死亡率为0.61/10万,病死率为0.11%。发病数占广西全人群传染病数的15.71%,死亡数占3.66%。发病居前5位的病种依次为流行性腮腺炎、甲型H1N1流感、流行性感冒、病毒性肝炎和手足口病,占发病总数的88.03%;死亡居前3位的病种依次为狂犬病、甲型H1N1流感和流行性乙型脑炎,占总死亡数的89.36%。全年均有病例报告,各类传染病有不同的发病高峰季节,10月中旬开始升高,11月下旬达高峰,12月下旬降至低谷。12～17岁组发病占总发病数的50%左右,但各类传染病发病数高的年龄组不同,不同类别学校发病率高低不相同。结论呼吸道传染病在2009年广西学生法定报告传染病中最常见,学生传染病防治的重点应放在呼吸道传染病。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features of infectious diseases in 2009 in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for effectively reducing the incidence of infectious diseases among students. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze Guangxi students’ statutory report on the incidence of infectious diseases in 2009. Results In 2009, the prevalence of infectious diseases was 544.72 / 100,000 in Guangxi, and the death rate was 0.61 / 100,000. The case fatality rate was 0.11%. The incidence of infectious diseases in Guangxi accounted for 15.71% of the total population, the death toll accounted for 3.66%. The top five diseases were mumps, influenza A, influenza, viral hepatitis and hand-foot-mouth disease, accounting for 88.03% of the total. The top three deaths were rabies , Type A H1N1 influenza and Japanese encephalitis, accounting for 89.36% of the total number of deaths. There are case reports throughout the year. There are different peak incidences of various types of infectious diseases, beginning to rise in mid-October, reaching the peak in late November and dropping to the lowest in late December. The incidence of 12 to 17-year-old group accounted for about 50% of the total number of cases, but the incidence of various types of infectious diseases of different age groups, different types of school incidence is not the same. Conclusions Respiratory infectious diseases are the most common reported infectious diseases in Guangxi students in 2009, and the focus of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of students should be placed on respiratory infectious diseases.