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利用羟基磷灰石(HA)、不锈钢316L(SS316L)和碳纳米管(CNT)制备生物医学植入体用混合功能梯度材料(FGM)。加入SS316L和CNT增强功能梯度材料离散层的HA制成三种不同类型的功能梯度材料。第一种功能梯度材料加入10%~40%(质量分数)的SS316L强化微米HA,浓度梯度为10%。第二种功能梯度材料,在第一种功能梯度材料的基础上加入0.5%(质量分数)的功能化碳纳米管。第三种功能梯度材料在第二种功能梯度材料的基础上加入微米HA和纳米HA(1:1)的混合物。所有类型的功能梯度材料在相似的压缩参数和烧结参数下,进行单轴压缩实验,并采用无压烧结技术进行烧结。结果表明,加入碳纳米管和纳米晶体HA提高了功能梯度材料的致密度。碳纳米管增强的功能梯度材料的硬度和断裂韧性增加,但是微米和纳米晶体HA增强的功能梯度材料的硬度和断裂韧性的增加更明显。
Hybrid functional graded materials (FGMs) for biomedical implants were prepared using hydroxyapatite (HA), stainless steel 316L (SS316L), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Three different types of functionally graded materials were made from HA with SS316L and CNT reinforced functionally graded material discrete layers. The first functionally graded material was added to 10% to 40% (mass fraction) of SS316L micronized HA with a concentration gradient of 10%. The second functionally graded material, based on the first functionally graded material, was added 0.5% (mass fraction) of functionalized carbon nanotubes. The third functionally graded material adds a mixture of micron HA and nano-HA (1: 1) to the second functionally graded material. All types of functionally graded materials undergo uniaxial compression experiments at similar compression parameters and sintering parameters and are sintered using pressureless sintering techniques. The results show that the addition of carbon nanotubes and nanocrystalline HA increases the density of the functionally graded material. The hardness and the fracture toughness of the functional graded material reinforced by carbon nanotubes increase, but the increase of the hardness and the fracture toughness of the functionally graded material reinforced by micron and nanocrystalline HA are more obvious.