论文部分内容阅读
目的发现湖南省农村社区人群犬伤的主要危险因素;根据主要危险因素提出防控措施建议,做好狂犬病预防控制工作。方法采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究设计方法,通过文献搜索和预试验制订问卷,对研究对象开展问卷调查。应用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究资料处理方法进行单因素分析,用条件logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果有效调查共1 406人,单因素分析发现“职业为散居儿童”等20个影响因素关联差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),经条件logistic回归分析:“经常看见圈养、拴住或有人看管的狗”(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.02~1.42)、“在自己家里经常看见狗”(OR=1.23,95%CI:1.02~1.48)、“经常看见疯狗或疑似疯狗”(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.01~1.71)、“经常看见自家养或熟悉的狗”(OR=1.33,95%CI:1.04~1.68)、“在亲友邻居家经常看见狗”(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.12~1.92)、“触碰家养或熟悉的狗尾巴、腿、屁股等部位”(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.21~1.72)为犬伤的危险因素,“看见陌生狗靠近时采取防卫措施”(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.34~0.68)、“看见陌生狗会分辨疯狗流浪狗”(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.67~0.92)和“防范陌生狗”(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.70~0.99)为犬伤的保护因素。结论犬伤与多种危险因素有关,降低犬密度、减少与犬接触机会和避免触碰狗的尾巴等敏感部位、防范和防卫陌生狗可减少犬伤风险;开展狂犬病健康教育,提高农村社区居民对疯狗和疑似疯狗的分辨能力和防范意识,及时采取防卫措施,可降低犬伤风险。
Objective To find out the main risk factors for canine injuries in rural communities in Hunan Province, to put forward the prevention and control measures according to the main risk factors and to prevent and control rabies. Methods A 1: 1 matching case-control study design method was used. The questionnaire was prepared through literature search and pre-test, and questionnaires were conducted on the subjects. A 1: 1 matching case-control study data processing method for univariate analysis, using conditional logistic regression multivariate analysis. Results A total of 1 406 valid questionnaires were collected. Univariate analysis showed that the association of 20 influential factors such as “occupationally scattered children” was statistically significant (P <0.05). After conditional logistic regression analysis, (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02-1.48), “Often see the dog that lived or was in charge of” (OR = 1.20,95% CI: 1.02-1.42) (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68), “often seen in their own family or familiar dog ” (OR = 1.31,95% CI: 1.01-1.71) Neighbors often saw dogs “(OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.12-1.92),” touching the domestic or familiar part of the dog’s tail, legs, buttocks “ (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34 ~ 0.68), ”saw a strange dog will distinguish between crazy dog stray dogs“ (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67 ~ 0.92) and ”prevention of unfamiliar dogs" (OR = 0.83,95% CI: 0.70 ~ 0.99). Conclusions Canine injuries are associated with a variety of risk factors, reducing canine density, reducing chances of contact with dogs and avoiding touching the sensitive parts of the tail of the dog, preventing and defending the risk of dogs with unfamiliar dogs; developing rabies health education to improve the health of rural community residents On the mad dog and the suspected mad dog resolving power and awareness, timely defensive measures to reduce the risk of canine injury.