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目的探讨原发孔型房间隔缺损(PASD)与继发孔型房间隔缺损(SASD)的心电图(ECG)与心电向量图(VCG)特点。方法分析29例ASD患者的ECG与VCG特点,其中PASD13例,SASD16例,ASD诊断均经心脏超声心动图确诊未予以手术治疗。结果 ASD患者的ECG与VCG的共同特点为右心室大、多伴有完全性或不完全性右束支阻滞(CRBBB或ICRBBB),而PASD患者的ECG多具有一度房室阻滞、电轴左偏、下壁导联呈rSr′型的特点;SASD患者的ECG多具有电轴右偏、下壁导联呈钩型R波的特点。结论 ECG与VCG的电轴偏移与下壁导联的QRS波特点是鉴别PASD与SASD在电学方面的重要指标。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiogram (VCG) in primary ostial atrial septal defect (PASD) and secondary ostial atrial septal defect (SASD). Methods The characteristics of ECG and VCG in 29 patients with ASD were analyzed. Among them, 13 cases of PASD, 16 cases of SASD and no diagnosis of ASD were confirmed by echocardiography. Results The common features of ECG and VCG in patients with ASD were large right ventricle, accompanied with complete or incomplete right bundle branch block (CRBBB or ICRBBB), while those with PASD had more than one degree of AV block, Left deviation, the lower wall leads rSr ’type features; SASD patients with more axial ECG deviation, the lower wall leads were hook R wave characteristics. Conclusion ECG axis and VCG displacement of the QRS wave and inferior leads is to identify PASD and SASD in the electrical important indicators.