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目的掌握医院住院患者医院感染和社区感染的实际情况,为提高医院感染管理和社区感染防治工作提供科学依据。方法调查2012年5月8日603例住院患者临床资料,包括出院、转科、死亡的患者,不包括新入院患者;调查人员由医院感染控制专职人员和各病区主治及以上医师组成,调查前统一培训,采取查阅病历和床旁调查相结合的方法,按要求填写个案和床旁调查表,按照标准区分医院感染和社区感染,医院感染网录入数据后进行数据统计。结果医院感染现患率为1.3%,社区感染现患率为61.9%;医院感染和社区感染的感染部位均以下呼吸道为主,分别占37.5%和64.5%;检出病原体医院感染以革兰阴性菌为主,社区感染以病毒感染为主;全院抗菌药物使用率为66.0%,下降幅度较为明显。结论该次调查资料准确,基本反映了医院医院感染和社区感染的实际情况,也暴露出一些问题,医院应加强医院感染预防控制措施及目标性检测,继续规范各类抗菌药物的使用。
Objective To understand the actual situation of hospital infection and community infection in hospitalized inpatients, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection and community infection. Methods The data of 603 hospitalized patients on May 8, 2012 were investigated, including those discharged, transferred to hospital and died, excluding the newly admitted patients. The investigators consisted of hospital-based infection control specialists and doctors and physicians of each ward. Before the unified training, the method of combining medical records and bedside surveys was adopted, and case and bedside questionnaires were filled in according to the requirements. Data were collected after the data were collected from hospital infection and community infection and hospital infection net according to the standard. Results The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.3%, and the prevalence rate of community infection was 61.9%. The main respiratory tract infections were nosocomial infection and community infection, accounting for 37.5% and 64.5% respectively. The pathogen nosocomial infections were gram-negative Main, community-based infection with virus infection; hospital antibacterial drug use rate of 66.0%, a more significant decline. Conclusion The survey data accurately reflect the actual situation of hospital nosocomial infection and community infection and also expose some problems. The hospital should strengthen the prevention and control measures and target detection of nosocomial infection and continue to standardize the use of various antimicrobial agents.