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目的：提高对结核性腹膜炎的认识。方法：对７８例儿童结核性腹膜炎进行ＰＰＤ试验，结合临床检查及表现进行分析。结果：通常都具有发热、盗汗等结核中毒症状，以及腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、便秘等消化道症状。ＰＰＤ试验４８／７０例阳性６９％、血沉５４／６２例阳性８２％、腹部Ｂ超腹腔积液６１例（７８％）、腹水涂片染色镜检５６／７１例抗酸杆菌阳性７９％。Ｘ线胸片栗粒性肺结核２７例、支气管淋巴结核１９例、肺干酪性变１３例、肺门结核９例。结论：发病年龄趋向偏小。症状不典型易误诊，临床诊断除传统检查手段外，对腹腔穿刺腹水检查应为重视。
Objective: To raise awareness of tuberculous peritonitis. Methods: PPD test was performed in 78 children with tuberculous peritonitis, combined with clinical examination and performance analysis. Results: Usually have fever, night sweats and other symptoms of tuberculosis, as well as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation and other gastrointestinal symptoms. PPD test 48/70 positive 69%, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 54/62 positive 82%, abdominal B-ascites 61 cases (78%), ascites smear 56/71 cases of acid-fast bacilli positive 79%. Chest X-ray chestnut tuberculosis in 27 cases, 19 cases of bronchial lymph node, lung cheese in 13 cases, hilar tuberculosis in 9 cases. Conclusion: The age of onset tend to be small. Atypical misdiagnosis of symptoms, clinical diagnosis in addition to traditional means of examination, abdominal paracentesis should pay attention.