严重手术创伤及各种术后临床干预措施可引起小儿体液发生一系列改变 ,导致钾离子在细胞内、外液中分布异常 ,可能产生较显著的病理生理变化 ,影响小儿术后恢复。因此 ,及时监测大手术后早期小儿体内钾的变化 ,以指导临床合理补钾。1　临床资料1 1　监测对象　选择小儿外科住院 Severe surgical trauma and a variety of postoperative clinical interventions can cause a series of changes in body fluids in children, resulting in abnormal distribution of potassium ions in the cells, outside the fluid may have more significant pathophysiological changes affect the recovery of children after surgery. Therefore, in a timely manner after major surgery to monitor changes in children’s body potassium in order to guide the clinical rational potassium. 1 clinical data 1 1 monitoring object selection pediatric surgical hospitalization