目的:了解高考毕业生的近视发病率,分析发病原因,提高防控办法。方法:结合新生入校体检报告中的近视情况与关于近视发病时间、因素的调查问卷,对牡丹江市某医学院校的入校新生599人,用x~2检验的方法进行统计、分析。结果:近视女生高于男生,学习成绩不是正相关,独生子女和非独生子女差别明显,近视发病时间集中在初、高中,患病原因以遗传、用眼过度、用眼卫生为主。 Objective: To understand the incidence of college entrance examination graduates of myopia, analyze the causes and improve prevention and control measures. Methods: Based on the questionnaire about myopia in medical examination and the time and factors of onset of myopia, 599 freshmen were enrolled in a medical college in Mudanjiang City. The data were analyzed by x ~ 2 test. Results: Myopia girls than boys, academic performance is not positively correlated, only child and non-only children obvious difference, the incidence of myopia concentrated in early and high school, the cause of the disease with genetic, overuse, eye health mainly.