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目的了解南平市实施健康教育后目标人群碘缺乏病防治知识认知的改变,评估健康教育干预效果。方法2014—2015年,选取顺昌、建瓯、邵武和浦城作为项目县,每县选择3个项目乡(镇)的中心小学,对5年级学生开展碘缺乏病健康教育,在每个项目乡(镇)选择3个未开展过地方病健康教育的行政村,开展社区碘缺乏病健康教育活动,对健康教育前后的碘缺乏病知识知晓率进行对比。结果健康教育项目实施后,小学生碘缺乏病知识知晓率从基线调查的61.1%上升到89.6%,育龄妇女知晓率从基线调查的61.8%上升到87.0%,小学生、育龄妇女知晓率在健康教育后均有提高;不同县市健康教育前后知晓率比较,小学生防治知识知晓率邵武最高,育龄妇女的知晓率健康教育前后均类似。结论南平市目标人群健康教育干预前碘缺乏病知晓率不高,健康教育项目的开展,提高人群碘缺乏病知晓率。
Objective To understand the change of cognition of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control among target population after Nanning health education and evaluate the effect of health education intervention. Methods From 2014 to 2015, we selected Shunchang, Jianou, Shaowu and Pucheng as project counties. Each county selected 3 primary townships for project townships (towns) to carry out health education on iodine deficiency disorders among grade 5 students. In each project town (Town) selected three administrative villages that did not carry out health education on endemic diseases to carry out health education activities on iodine deficiency disorders in communities, and compared the knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders before and after health education. Results After the implementation of the health education project, the awareness rate of primary school students’ knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders increased from 61.1% of the baseline survey to 89.6%. The awareness rate of women of childbearing age increased from 61.8% of the baseline survey to 87.0% The awareness of prevention and treatment of primary school students was the highest, and the awareness of women of childbearing age was similar before and after health education. Conclusion The awareness rate of iodine deficiency deficiency before health education intervention in Nanping target population is not high, and health education programs are carried out to raise the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders in the population.