目的探讨前列腺癌 (PC)的早期诊断和筛查方法 ,评价其临床应用价值。方法应用直肠指诊(DRE) ,直肠超声 (TRUS) ,放射免疫法测定前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA)并计算其密度 (PSAD)等方法 ,检测 178例PC及前列腺增生病例 ,比较各检测方法对PC的早期诊断价值。结果DRE、TRUS阳性率分别为 5 2 .94 %、73.5 3% ,以PSA >10ng/ml、PSAD>0 .15为界值 ,其阳性预测值分别为 6 9%、6 7%。结论DRE、PSA、PSAD、TRUS诊断方法的联合应用 ,结合TRUS引导下的前列腺穿刺活检是目前筛查和早期诊断PC的主要手段  Objective  To explore the early diagnosis and screening of prostate cancer (PC) and evaluate its clinical value. Methods 178PRE samples were obtained from 178 patients with prostatic hyperplasia (PC) by digital rectal examination (DRE), rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and radioimmunoassay (PSA) Methods of early diagnosis of PC value. Results The positive rates of DRE and TRUS were 52.9% and 73.5% respectively. The positive predictive values ​​of PSA, DDP and TRUS were 69% and 67%, respectively, with PSA> 10ng / ml and PSAD> 0.15.  Conclusion 联DRE, PSA, PSAD, TRUS diagnostic methods combined with TRUS guided prostate biopsy is the main screening and early diagnosis of PC