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目的了解云南省碘缺乏病高危地区新发地方性克汀病、地方性甲状腺肿流行现况、人群碘营养状况及防治措施落实情况,查找影响我省高危地区碘盐覆盖率的原因,研究并提出有针对性的防治策略和措施。方法 2008、2010年在碘盐覆盖率<80%的彝良县抽取3个乡实施高危地区监测,监测内容包括搜索疑似地克病病例,检测8～10岁儿童甲状腺容积,检测8～10岁儿童和育龄妇女的尿碘浓度,入户调查和采集家中盐样进行半定量检测,调查被监测乡、村实施碘盐供应、碘油投服等防治措施情况。结果 2008、2010年两次监测都未发现疑似地克病;育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为184.14μg/L、247.12μg/L,儿童尿碘中位数分别为204.72μg/L、282.96μg/L;2008与2010年结果比较,碘盐覆盖率由84.17%上升至99.17%,儿童和育龄期妇女尿碘中位数均有明显升高,8～10岁儿童甲肿率(触诊法)由19.34%下降至6.25%。结论我省高危地区碘缺乏病监测、防治措施及时有效,今后应不断巩固碘缺乏病防治成果;该地区居民碘营养已处于超适宜状态,应适当下调盐碘含量。
Objective To understand the new endemic cretinism, endemic goiter prevalence, population iodine nutrition status and prevention and control measures in high risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders in Yunnan Province, find out the reasons that affect the coverage of iodized salt in high risk areas of our province, Proposed targeted prevention and control strategies and measures. METHODS: In 2008 and 2010, three townships were selected in Yiliang County, where iodized salt coverage was less than 80%. High-risk areas were monitored. The surveillance included searching for suspected cases of Dick’s disease, detecting thyroid volume in children aged 8 to 10, and detecting 8 to 10 years old Children and women of childbearing age urinary iodine concentration, household survey and collection of salt samples for semi-quantitative detection of the monitored townships and villages to implement the supply of iodized salt, iodized oil and other preventive measures. Results No suspicion of Dicket’s disease was found in the two surveillances in 2008 and 2010; the median urinary iodine in women of childbearing age was 184.14μg / L and 247.12μg / L respectively, and the median urinary iodine in children was 204.72μg / L and 282.96μg / L; Compared with the results in 2010, the coverage of iodized salt increased from 84.17% to 99.17%, and the median urinary iodine in children and women of childbearing age were significantly increased ) From 19.34% to 6.25%. Conclusion Iodine deficiency monitoring in high-risk areas in our province is timely and effective. The prevention and cure of Iodine Deficiency Disorders must be continuously strengthened in the future. Iodine nutrition of residents in this area is already in a state of super-fitness, and salt iodine content should be appropriately lowered.