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近年来,随着大宗农产品贸易的迅速增加,农产品贸易引起的资源与环境效应评价日趋凸显。为定量反映我国大豆供给变化的环境效应,本研究使用改进的生态足迹分析方法,对我国1986～2009年的大豆供给的耕地足迹和能源足迹进行了定量测算,耕地足迹按照生产国单产进计算,能源足迹考虑了生产过程中化肥、机械投入和运输过程中的能源消耗。结果表明:(1)我国大豆供给的耕地足迹呈不断增加的趋势,且进口引起的耕地足迹增速大于国内耕地足迹增速;(2)化肥及机械投入的不同是导致我国及进口来源国大豆能源足迹产生差异的主要原因;(3)对不同生产国的大豆耕地和能源足迹的对比表明,我国生产单位大豆隐含的耕地足迹和能源足迹均高于其他进口来源国,从资源利用角度而言,大豆国际贸易提高了全球农业资源的利用率,保证了我国农业的可持续发展。
In recent years, with the rapid increase in the trade of bulk agricultural products, the appraisal of resources and environmental effects caused by agricultural products trade has become increasingly prominent. In order to quantitatively reflect the environmental effects of the changes of soybean supply in our country, this study uses the improved ecological footprint analysis method to quantitatively estimate the cultivated land footprint and energy footprint of soybean supply from 1986 to 2009 in China. The cultivated land footprint is calculated according to the yield per unit of production country, The energy footprint takes into account the energy consumption of fertilizer, machinery inputs and transport in the production process. The results showed that: (1) The cultivated land supplied by soybean in our country tended to increase continuously, and the increment of cultivated land caused by imported was larger than the growth of domestic cultivated land; (2) The difference of chemical fertilizer and mechanical input led to the increase of soybean yield (3) The comparison of soybean cultivated land and energy footprint in different producing countries shows that the implied cultivated land footprint and energy footprint of soybean in our country are all higher than those of other importing countries. From the perspective of resource utilization The international trade of soybean has raised the utilization rate of global agricultural resources and ensured the sustainable development of agriculture in our country.