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目的:了解海南医学新生的儿童心理虐待状况;比较不同创造力、认知偏差类型的学生的儿童期心理虐待差异。方法:方便取样,采用儿童心理虐待量表、卡特尔多项人格量表-创造力、认知偏差问卷对365名自愿参与的海南省某医学院临床医学专业2014级新生进行测量,对数据进行t检验和方差分析。结果:男生的恐吓、贬损、干涉、纵容维度得分高于女生(t=2.38,2.17,2.40,2.72;P均<0.05);独生子女医学新生的忽视维度得分低于非独生子女者,而干涉维度得分高于后者(t=-3.82,2.17;P均<0.05);单亲家庭医学新生的忽视和贬损维度得分高于非单亲学生(t=2.80,3.24;P均<0.05)。不同创造力等级的医学新生在儿童心理虐待得分上的差异无统计学意义。不同认知偏差类型的医学新生在贬损、干涉维度得分上的差异均有统计学意义(F=10.92,13.54;P<均0.001)。结论:不同性别、是否独生、是否单亲的医学新生在儿童期遭受的心理虐待不一样;不同创造力的医学新生在儿童期遭受的心理虐待无差异;不同认知偏差类型的医学新生在童年期遭受的贬损和干涉高于其他类型者。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the state of psychological abuse of children in Hainan Medical University and to compare the differences of psychological abuse among children with different types of creativity and cognitive bias. Methods: Convenient sampling was conducted to measure the data of 365 freshmen in clinical medicine of a medical college in Hainan Province who participated voluntarily in the Questionnaire of Child Psychological Abuse, Carter Multi-Personality Scale-Creativity, Cognitive Deviation Questionnaire t test and analysis of variance. Results: The boys scored higher in intimidation, demeaning, interference and conniving dimensions than girls (t = 2.38,2.17,2.40,2.72; P <0.05). The neglect dimension scores of only child medical students were lower than that of non-only children, (T = -3.82,2.17; P <0.05). Neglect and derogatory dimensions of single-parent family medical freshmen were higher than non-singleton students (t = 2.80,3.24; P <0.05). There was no significant difference in scores of psychological abuse among children with different levels of creativity. There were significant differences in derogatory and interference dimensions between medical students with different cognitive biases (F = 10.92, 13.54; P <0.001). Conclusions: Psychological maltreatment is different between single-parent medical freshmen and childhood medical students with different genders, whether or not only one is born, and there is no difference in mental abilities among medical freshmen who have different creative abilities in childhood. Different types of medical students with different cognitive biases in childhood Period of derogatory and interference than other types of persons.