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目的追踪观察上皮剩余在牙齿萌出和建!过程中的形态分布和细胞活性改变。方法细胞角蛋白14(CK14)标记小鼠上皮剩余细胞,光镜观察其分布和细胞形态,透射电镜观察上皮剩余细胞的超微结构。PV免疫组化两步法检测CK14和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在上皮剩余细胞中的表达。结果自牙齿萌出前到建后期上皮剩余的外形和分布改变明显,建后期上皮细胞簇更为规则,分布由牙根表面的较广泛分布向根分叉和牙颈等部位局限,与成熟期上皮剩余相似。建阶段,上皮剩余沿牙根表面呈现类网格样布局,细胞数量较萌出前期明显增加,细胞增殖活性检测显示此时上皮剩余特别是根分叉水平细胞增殖活跃。建后期上皮剩余细胞数量开始减少,透射电镜结果显示簇内出现细胞凋亡征象。结论上皮剩余不是仅仅作为无功能的剩余物,其可能是上皮根鞘功能的延伸或持续,在建过程中发挥积极作用,从而完成牙周组织的发育和维持牙周内环境的稳定。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological changes and cell viability of epithelial remnants during eruption and establishment of teeth. Methods Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) was used to label the residual cells in the mouse epithelial cells. The distribution and morphology of the cells were observed under light microscope. The ultrastructure of epithelial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of CK14 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by PV immunohistochemistry in the remaining epithelial cells. Results The shape and distribution of the remaining epithelial epithelium changed significantly from the eruption before the eruption to the erection of the eyelid. The epithelial cell clusters were more regular in the late stage of erection. The distribution of the epithelial cells was more localized to the root and root of the root, The remaining epithelial similar. At the erection stage, the epithelial remnant showed a grid-like arrangement along the root surface, and the number of cells increased significantly compared with the pre-eruption phase. The cell proliferation activity test showed that the epithelial epithelium remnant, especially the root bifurcation level, proliferated actively. The number of remaining epithelial cells began to decrease in later stage of construction, and the signs of apoptosis appeared in the cluster by transmission electron microscopy. Conclusion The residual epithelium is not only a non-functional residue, which may be an extension or continuation of epithelial root sheath function, and plays an active role in the process of colonization, thereby completing the development of periodontal tissue and maintaining the stability of periodontal environment.