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高度复杂的细胞及分子机制调节着微生物及免疫防御系统间的相互作用。现在已经知道了不少关于细菌和病毒等微生物抗原,对正常个体免疫反应的机制,微生物既可促进也可抑制体液及细胞免疫。但是这些传染性因子究竟是如何作用于免疫系统的,却知道得并不多。许多微生物产生一些物质,这种物质或者能保护细菌不受宿主免疫反应所破坏,或者能完全抑制免疫反应。另外,有一些微生物在某种条件下释放免疫刺激物,促进免疫反应,而在另种条件下可能起抑制免疫反应的作用。
The highly complex cellular and molecular mechanisms regulate the interaction between microorganisms and the immune defense system. Now know a lot about microbial and bacterial antigens such as viruses, the immune response to normal individual mechanisms, microorganisms can both promote and inhibit humoral and cellular immunity. However, how these infectious agents act on the immune system do not know much. Many microorganisms produce substances that either protect the bacteria from the immune response of the host or completely inhibit the immune response. In addition, some microorganisms release immune stimulants under certain conditions to promote the immune response, and under other conditions may play a role in inhibiting the immune response.