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本文分析了产业集聚影响企业员工薪酬的机制,并基于1998-2007年度国家统计局中国规模以上大中型制造业企业数据进行实证研究。实证结果表明,由企业数量增多或者企业规模扩大而导致的产业集聚与员工薪酬之间存在显著的正向关系。以改革开放之前的产业集聚程度作为当前产业集聚水平的工具变量,克服产业集聚的内生性问题之后,采用工具变量的回归方法对数据进行回归,结果表明产业集聚对员工薪酬的效应仍显著为正。这说明在产业集聚水平高的地区,企业愿意提供更高的薪酬给有能力的员工。在一系列实证检验中,上述结论均非常稳健。同时,稳健性结论也表明,产业集聚对员工薪酬的正向影响,新企业比老企业更显著,非出口企业比出口企业更显著。
This paper analyzes the mechanism of industrial agglomeration affecting employee compensation and conducts an empirical research based on the data of large and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises above designated size in China from 1998 to 2007 by the National Bureau of Statistics. The empirical results show that there is a significant positive relationship between industrial agglomeration and employee compensation caused by the increase of the number of enterprises or the expansion of enterprises. Using the level of industrial agglomeration prior to the reform and opening up as a tool for the current level of industrial agglomeration and the endogenous problems of industrial agglomeration were overcome, regression of the instrumental variables was used to regress the data. The result shows that the effect of industrial agglomeration on employee remuneration is still significant . This shows that in areas with high levels of industrial agglomeration, enterprises are willing to provide higher salaries to competent employees. In a series of empirical tests, the above conclusions are very robust. At the same time, the robust conclusions also show that the positive impact of industrial agglomeration on employee salaries is more pronounced in new enterprises than in old ones and non-export ones are more significant than those in export ones.