一、绪论 在土坝中常须设置硬件的心墙,它的主要作用为减少渗流损失和增加坝身的稳定性。硬性心墙常用钢筋混凝土制成,其顶部常和坝顶相平,或略高出坝顶,兼充防浪堤之用。其底可嵌入基础,或做成固定式,或做成铰接式,视需要而定。和硬性心墙相对应的,有所谓柔性心墙,它的作用也在减少渗流,但采用得较少。本文下面所称心墙都指硬性心墙而言。 当土坝承受上游库水压力时,心墙两侧的土压力将不平衡而引起心墙的挠曲。因此必须在墙内配置适 I. INTRODUCTION In the earth dam, the core of the hardware must be set up. Its main function is to reduce seepage losses and increase the stability of the dam. Hard core wall commonly made of reinforced concrete, and the top of the top of the dam often flat, or slightly higher than the crest, and fill the use of breakwater. The bottom can be embedded in the base, or made of fixed, or made articulated, as needed. Corresponding to the rigid heart wall, the so-called flexible heart wall, its role is to reduce seepage, but less used. The heart wall hereafter refers to hard heart wall. When the earth dam withstand upstream reservoir water pressure, earth pressure on both sides of the heart wall will be unbalanced and cause the heart wall deflection. Therefore, it must be configured in the wall