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随着分析技术的不断进步以及对结核杆菌致病机制研究的深入，结核病的实验诊断在分子标志物、结核抗体、核酸检测、γ干扰素释放试验和诊断模型等方面取得了很大的进步，极大丰富了结核病实验室诊断手段。这些实验手段的应用，为结核病的诊断提供了较好的选择方案。尽管如此，这些新手段仍仅作为辅助手段，不能完全替代涂片与培养等传统手段。因此，仍然有必要继续开展相关研究，以推动结核病的实验室诊断水平。随着分析技术的不断进步和结核病分子机制的深入探讨，相信会有更好的标志物或诊断手段进入临床并得以应用。“,”With the advancement of analytical technology and development of pathogenesis in Mycobac-terium tuberculosis( TB) infection,the TB laboratory diagnosis has made great progress in molecular mark-ers,serological tests,nucleic acid amplification,IFN-γrelease assays and diagnostic model in the past few years.Although these diagnostic methods have improved the level of TB diagnosis,it only can be used as an adjunct tool and cannot completely replace the traditional methods,such as smear and mycobacterial culture. Therefore,there is still a need to carry out research to promote the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis.In the future,under the help of analytical technology and mechanism of TB infection,it′s believed that more and more diagnostic methods will be introduced into clinical practice .