肾纤维肉瘤极为罕见,1971年Gupta等复习世界文献仅107例,在其后十多年来亦仅有数例报道,国内未见报道。由于纤维肉瘤与平滑肌肉瘤鉴别极为困难,在普通染色切片中,两者往往互相混淆。随着特殊染色和电镜技术的广泛应用,这两种肉瘤才逐渐被区别开来。本文报告1例肾纤维肉瘤,着重进行电镜观察,及探讨其与平滑肌肉瘤的鉴别。 Renal fibrosarcoma is extremely rare. In 1971, Gupta et al. Reviewed only 107 cases of the world literature. In the following 10 years, there were only a few cases reported and no reports were reported in China. Because fibrosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma identification is extremely difficult, in ordinary staining sections, the two are often confused with each other. With the widespread use of special staining and electron microscopy techniques, these two sarcomas are gradually being distinguished. This article reports a case of renal fibrosarcoma, focusing on electron microscopy, and to explore its identification with leiomyosarcoma.