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“小学语文教学大纲(草案)”包括两个部分:“说明”部分指出了小学语交教学的目的、任务和教学方法;“教学大纲”部分规定了小学各学年语文教学的内容和要求。这个大纲(草案)是在几年来研究和实验的基础上制定出来的,对改进语文教学、提高语文教学质量有重大的指导意义。“说明”部分明确地提出:“小学语文科的基本任务是发展儿童语言——提高儿童理解语言的能力和运用语言的能力。”为什么说发展儿童语言是小学语文科的基本任务呢? 这要从语言和思维的关系来看。加里宁说:“如果人们不能用言语明确构成自己的意思,那末人类思想的最高成绩,最深刻的知识和最热情的心情,都无法使人知道。言语是表达思想的工具。思想只有用言语表达出来,只有经过言语倾吐出来,只有——如哲学家所说——被傅达和被体现出来的时候,它才能成为思想。”所以,教儿童学习语言,同时也就是发展他们的思维。
The “Outline of Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Primary Schools” consists of two parts. The “Description” section points out the purpose, tasks and teaching methods of primary school language teaching. The “Syllabus” stipulates the content and requirements of Chinese teaching in primary schools for each academic year. This outline (draft) is formulated on the basis of years of research and experimentation, and is of great guiding significance for improving Chinese teaching and improving the quality of Chinese teaching. The “Explanatory” section clearly states: “The basic task of primary language arts is to develop children's language - to improve children's ability to understand language and use language.” Why is the development of children's language the primary task of language science in primary schools? From the relationship between language and thinking point of view. Kalinin said: “If people can not express themselves clearly in words, then the highest attainable achievements, the deepest knowledge and the most passionate feelings of human thought can not be known.” Speech is a tool for expressing ideas. Only when it is expressed through words and only - as the philosopher puts it - is manifested by Fu Da, can it become an idea. "Therefore, teaching children to learn the language at the same time means developing their mind.