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蜂胶(propolis)是蜜蜂从植物芽苞或树干上采集的树胶,混入蜜蜂上颚腺分泌物和蜂腊后加工制成的树脂状固体物质,含有大量的有生物活性的化合物和微量元素,具有广泛的药理作用。临床用于治疗皮肤病、外科创伤感染、耳鼻喉及口腔科炎症和溃疡、胃及十二指肠溃疡、高血脂症及高血压病等有一定疗效。我国养蜂事业发达。蜂胶的来源广,推广蜂胶的临床应用不仅可行,而且具有较大意义。本文将扼要评述七十年代以来蜂胶的化学成分、药理作用和临床应用研究的进展。蜂胶的理化性质和化学成分蜂胶是黄褐色、绿褐色或灰褐色具芳香气味的树脂状团块,有粘性,低温下变硬、变脆,加热可熔化。易溶于丙酮、苯、2%氢氧化钠溶液及乙醇。从蜂箱里采集的蜂胶约含50～85%树脂和香胶、12～40%蜂
Propolis is a resinous solid that honeybees collect from the plant buds or trunks, mixed into bee glandular secretions and beeswax, and contains a large amount of biologically active compounds and trace elements. The pharmacological effects. Clinically used to treat skin diseases, surgical wound infections, ENT and stomatitis inflammation and ulcers, gastric and duodenal ulcers, hyperlipidemia and hypertension have a certain effect. China’s bee-keeping business is developed. The source of propolis is wide, and it is not only feasible but also of great significance to promote the clinical application of propolis. This article will briefly review the progress of chemical composition, pharmacology, and clinical application of propolis since the 1970s. Physicochemical properties and chemical composition of propolis Propolis is a yellow-brown, green-brown or gray-brown aromatic resinous mass with stickiness, which becomes hard and brittle at low temperatures and can be melted by heating. Soluble in acetone, benzene, 2% sodium hydroxide solution and ethanol. The propolis collected from the beehive contains about 50 to 85% of resin and gum, 12 to 40% of bees