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对于犯罪人在实施犯罪时是否理性,一直以来是犯罪学研究中的一个争议。早期古典主义学派坚持犯罪人生物属性的同时强调了犯罪人趋利避害的特征,反映了犯罪人犯罪时的理性态度。随着社会的发展,犯罪心理学、刑事法学、经济学以及社会学的成熟,犯罪人的社会属性日益凸显出来,给不同的学科提供了进一步研究犯罪人的新视角。争议依然存在,但是“理性”作为人的主观意识,应该首先从心理学的角度出发,注重移情以及综合的分析,单纯的以外部表现与客观结果做判断,只能让犯罪人“被不理性”。
It is always a controversy in the study of criminology whether the offender is rational when he commits a crime. Early classical school adhere to the biological attributes of criminals, while emphasizing the characteristics of perpetrators of profit-taking and avoidance, reflecting the criminal attitudes when the crime. With the development of society, the development of criminal psychology, criminal law, economics and sociology, the social properties of offenders have become increasingly prominent, providing different disciplines with a new perspective for further research on criminals. Dispute still exists, but “rational ” as the subjective consciousness of man should start from the psychology point of view, pay attention to empathy and comprehensive analysis, pure external performance and objective results to make judgments, only criminals “Irrational”.