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目的全面总结中美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准差异,提炼美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准先进内容,为我军飞行学员医学选拔标准修订提供依据。方法对照我国空军飞行学员医学选拔标准和美空军飞行学员相关医学选拔的4个标准,提出标准构成、指标内容和相关标准之间的具体差异,阐明两军标准之间的不同点。结果中美空军飞行学员医学选拔标准在体系构成、执行方式和具体指标等方面均存在较大差异,我国空军1个医学选拔标准对应美空军4个相关标准,美空军更加重视临床专家会诊意见,对具体疾病的规定更加明确,在功能评估、精神心理方面的要求更加详细,视力、听力等方面的要求与我军相比也有一定差异。结论美军标准制订具有较强的循证医学依据,在人体飞行能力的保证方面研究更为透彻,参比美军标准开展我军飞行学员医学选拔标准研究,完善相关医学选拔技术手段,对扩大招飞优质生源、提升招飞整体质量具有重要意义。
Objective To comprehensively summarize the difference of medical selection criteria between Chinese and American air force pilots and to refine the advanced content of medical selection standards for pilots in the United States Air Force, so as to provide the basis for the revision of medical selection criteria for our pilots. Methods According to the medical selection standards of Chinese Air Force flight students and the four criteria of medical selection of the pilots in the US Air Force, the differences between the standard components, index contents and related standards are put forward to clarify the differences between the two military standards. Results The medical selection standards of Chinese and US air force pilots have great differences in terms of system structure, implementation methods and specific indicators. One medical selection standard of China’s Air Force corresponds to four relevant standards of the U.S. Air Force. The United States Air Force pays more attention to the opinions of clinical experts, More specific provisions of the disease, functional assessment, mental and psychological requirements in more detail, vision, hearing and other aspects of requirements compared with our military there are some differences. Conclusions The US military standard setting has a strong evidence-based medical basis and a more thorough study on the assurance of human flight capability. The research on medical selection criteria for our military pilots is made based on the standards of the U.S. military, and the relevant medical selection techniques are also improved, Quality students, improve the overall quality of the move is of great significance.