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0 前言 近年来对主要用于卡车、公共汽车的柴油机,特别要求其高速、大功率、重量轻、经久耐用,符合排放和噪音的规范要求。其中,减轻重量、小型化对柴油机来说是重要课题、同时还必须达到严格限制的排放要求。 缩减发动机总长和高度可大大减轻发动机重量。降低发动机高度,就要减小气缸体的高度和减小与其相关的另部件。缩减发动机总长,就要缩短缸心距或采用薄壁缸套,或不用缸套。气缸体总长的缩短,不仅减轻了缸体自身的重量,而且有助于缩短曲轴进而减轻重量和提高发动机的刚性。本文所叙述的气缸套薄壁化技术,可在不加大缸心距的条件下,有效地增加气缸套直径。
0 Foreword In recent years, diesel engines mainly used for trucks and buses have been specially required to meet the emission and noise requirements of high speed, high power, light weight, durability and durability. Among them, to reduce weight, miniaturization of diesel engines is an important issue, but must also meet the stringent emission requirements. Reducing engine length and height can greatly reduce engine weight. Reduce the engine height, it is necessary to reduce the height of the cylinder block and reduce the other components associated with it. Reduce the total length of the engine, it is necessary to shorten the cylinder center distance or the use of thin-walled cylinder liner, or without cylinder liner. Shortening the total length of the cylinder block not only reduces the weight of the cylinder itself but also helps to shorten the crankshaft and thereby reduce the weight and increase the rigidity of the engine. The thin-walled cylinder liner described in this paper can effectively increase the liner diameter without increasing the cylinder center distance.